Various procedures are performed to manage these conditions, including:

• Cystoscopy – a procedure using a camera to examine the bladder and urethra for diagnosis and treatment.
• Renal and bladder stones – surgical removal or treatment of stones formed in the kidneys or bladder.
• Hydronephrosis – treatment of kidney swelling caused by urine flow obstruction.
• Pyeloplasty – surgical correction of blockage between the kidney and ureter to improve urine flow.
• Vesicoureteric reflux surgeries – procedures to prevent backward flow of urine from the bladder to the kidneys.
• Bladder surgeries – treatment of structural or functional issues affecting the bladder.
• Urethral valve surgery – removal of abnormal tissue blocking urine flow in male children.
• Urethral stricture – treatment of narrowing in the urethra that affects urine passage.
• Hypospadias – surgical correction of abnormal positioning of the urethral opening in boys.
• Nephrectomy – removal of a damaged or non-functioning kidney.
• Renal abscess and cyst drainage – removal of infected fluid or cysts from the kidney.
• Ureterostomy – creation of an opening to divert urine flow when needed.
• Vesicostomy – temporary opening in the bladder to allow urine drainage.
• Feminizing genitoplasty – reconstructive surgery for specific congenital conditions affecting genital development.
• Undescended testis operation – surgical placement of testicles into the correct position in the scrotum.
• Torsion testis – emergency surgery to restore blood supply to a twisted testicle.
• Disorders of sexual differentiation – surgical and corrective procedures for conditions affecting sexual development.
• Bladder augmentation – enlargement of the bladder to improve its capacity and function.
• Continent urinary diversions (Mitrofanoff) – creation of a controlled channel for urine drainage.
• Bladder exstrophy & epispadias – reconstruction of complex congenital bladder and urethral conditions.
• Varicocelectomy – treatment of enlarged veins in the scrotum.
• Renal tumors – surgical removal of tumors in the kidneys.
• Testicular tumors – treatment of tumors affecting the testes.